The most powerful force in the universe for building wealth. Learn how compound interest works and why starting early is crucial for financial success.
Compound interest is when you earn interest not just on the money you put in (called the principal), but also on the interest that money has already earned. Over time, this causes your money to grow faster and faster. For example, if you put $100 in a savings account and it earns interest, next year you'll earn interest on the original $100 plus the interest you already got. It's like a snowball rolling down a hill—each turn adds more snow, and it keeps growing bigger on its own.
Starting with $10,000 at 10% annual interest
Final amount after 30 years: $174,494
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Interest is calculated only on the original principal amount. Formula: Principal × Rate × Time
Interest is calculated on principal plus accumulated interest. Formula: Principal × (1 + Rate)^Time
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
A = Final amount
P = Principal (initial investment)
r = Annual interest rate (as a decimal)
n = Number of times interest is compounded per year
t = Time in years
Let's compare $10,000 invested at 5% for 10 years:
$5,000
Total interest earned
$6,289
Total interest earned
Difference: $1,289 more with compound interest! This is why it's important to reinvest any interest or dividends you earn.
Starting with $5,000 at 7%:
$9,836
Final amount
$19,348
Final amount
$38,061
Final amount
Investing $500 per month at 7% for 20 years:
$120,000
Your contributions
$260,000
Including interest
Interest earned: $140,000
The earlier you start investing, the more time compound interest has to work. Even small amounts can grow significantly over decades.
Consistent monthly contributions, even small ones, can dramatically increase your final portfolio value through dollar-cost averaging.
Instead of taking dividend payments in cash, reinvest them to buy more shares. This accelerates the compound effect.
Use 401(k)s, IRAs, and other tax-advantaged accounts to minimize taxes and let more of your money compound tax-free.
Maximize your 401(k) contributions, open a Traditional or Roth IRA, and consider HSAs for healthcare expenses.
A quick way to estimate how long it takes for your money to double:
Years to Double = 72 ÷ Annual Interest Rate
Example: At 7% interest, your money doubles every ~10.3 years (72 ÷ 7 = 10.3)
Every year you delay investing costs you thousands in potential compound growth. Start with whatever you can afford, even if it's just $50 per month.
Withdrawing money interrupts the compound effect. Let your investments grow for as long as possible to maximize returns.
High expense ratios and fees eat into your returns. Choose low-cost index funds and ETFs to keep more of your money working for you.
Putting all your money in one investment is risky. Diversify across different asset classes to reduce risk while maintaining growth potential.
Regular, consistent investing is often more important than trying to time the market. Set up automatic contributions and let compound interest do the heavy lifting over time.
Use our compound interest calculator to see how your money can grow over time
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